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Persuasion By Jane Austen

Posted in Persuasion by admin on July 15, 2011

Persuasion By Jane Austen

The game between the rivals in the Twin myth and literature

"Every man needs an enemy" - the word I heard two different countries of Latin men who do not know each other, sounded pretty amazing to me every time. Of course, language is widely used, I guess the word "man" means "person" and I've never had the need for an enemy, I was very puzzled until I remembered Robert Graves's theory of ancient mythology. In his book The White Goddess, explains the essence of the old theme of poetry, which is the story of the birth, life, death and resurrection of the God of the Year this god, representing the seasons of the year sometimes divided into two: the God of the Waxing Year and his twin brother and rival, the God of the year down. The first is the protagonist of the story, the second is the antagonist, and the integrity of history, one can not exist without the other. In the past two seasons in the year they are always kills the other and takes its place alongside the great goddess of nature, which is the mother of twins, the lover and killer. Therefore, each the two mythological characters of your enemy must be a complete person.

Remember that in ancient pagan mythology, none of the twins is good or bad, both are needed to form a whole, as was needed needs winter, day and night, darkness into light required. There is a dichotomy existing natural in nature, humans have tried to understand and interpret the course of its existence as Homo sapiens.

The idea of this rivalry for the love and power is best represented by the ancient Canaanite myth of Baal (meaning Master) and word (meaning death). The goddess Anat is the sister and lover of the two twin brothers (the role of mother is filled with the Mother Goddess Athrat / Astarte, while the role of a murderer is subtly hidden Anat, this myth is the original story written by Goddess unique nature of the Almighty). The story goes like this: in the spring season, when all the rains stop, and the vegetation begins to dry in the area of the Mediterranean coast Eastern Baal kills Word - representing both rainfall and green vegetation - and buried in an undisclosed location in the north, where the sun does not shine ever. At the height of summer (the month of Tammuz, the counterpart of Baal Babylon), Anat with the help of the sun goddess, to find the tomb of Baal, he is survived by his body and him. Then catch Mot wheat in the form of dry, cut it down - that is, the harvest - he spreads his body trembles in the wind like dust and straw. In Fall, Baal come to life, bringing the rains that cause the earth to soften and the green grass growing again, grains of wheat (=), representing the word body, buried in the bowels of the earth - ie, seeds - from which corn green shoot in the body of Baal, and the cycle repeats. It is very clear within the next two seasons, and the two aspects of corn are needed for life to exist and continue.

This pagan belief dichotomy in the year was so strong that in some places, the myth and the connection between love of the Goddess and the political power was used not only as a basis for the ritual, but also to reality. In his book The Greek Myths, Graves presents historical evidence the politico-religious in some states, the city of ancient Greece, the pre-classical, there were seasonal changes between pairs of leaders. One of these pairs is the Castor and Pollux, brothers, called the Dioscuri ("Twins") who traded the throne seasonal Spartan, after his death, the brothers became gods in the sky and set like stars represent Zodiac Gemini ("twins") sign.

The myth is a symbol both the reality and the ritual, and not always possible to differentiate between the two. In Europe, the sacred king who symbolizes the year she married the Rising priestess of the goddess of spring and summer, and his rival brother, symbolizing declining years, married in the fall and winter old priestess, who is also the goddess of death. Ritual, when the king sacred marriage to the goddess of death, dying and becomes king of the underworld.

I think the idea that literary history worthy of the name needs a conflict between a protagonist and an antagonist derived from the theory the rivalry between the God of the Waxing Year and the God of the year down. The idea of literature is particularly important in the Hundred 19. Romantic literature that is called (to distinguish from the latest "romance"). Two important books such as those written by the Bronte sisters, Emily and Charlotte.

In the book of the High Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte, the heroine is in love with Heathcliff Kathy, who is in her appearance death and character of God or the king of the underworld: it is black, wild, untamed, and belongs to the class as low as possible. The myth that his party with the girl Kathy is impossible because the dark god of autumn, and marries Linton nice and beautiful, which is clearly the god of spring and the Light. Heathcliff, without money, he walks in distant lands and acquired great wealth, which also identifies with the Roman Pluto, the god of earthly wealth. When Heathcliff returns, Kathy died, as if death was with him. But usually becomes a dead woman herself the Goddess of Death, and it also leads to the grave. So join in the way they had always been made for each other as inhabitants of the underworld, where Kathy is more young and pretty. It is, however, throughout history, which is to hold the government and the motivation of love and power.

Interestingly, in the same year as Emily Upper book was published Wuthering Heights (1847), Charlotte Jane Eire also published - a book that is clearly based on the same subject. In it, Rochester is the parallel of Heathcliff, the dark and savage man in which the protagonist falls in love, if Rochester is birth higher and more cultured than Heathcliff. His rival in seeking the hand of Jane is the vicar of the river, parallel Linton in appearance and in nature Cold and logical. Jane Eire, however, differs from Kathy in the character much more decisive. She does not hesitate to choose Rochester, especially for his warm heart, even ignores his disfigurement after rejecting the rivers very preachy. It is much the face of great evil goddess Kathy confusing but less beautiful in appearance. In both books there is a strong sense of women's right to choose her lover, without predejuice.

***

A variant of this myth appears in the ancient Egyptian mythology. Osiris, which was the counterpart of Baal as the god of vegetation and corn, brother and lover Nature goddess Isis Large. He is killed by Seth, who came to the desert and what it represents, like the Canaanite word, dry and arid Seth was also Isis supposed to want to himself. However, the situation here is more complicated. After being killed, Osiris became god of the underworld, which has never because of Baal, but his son Horus, replacing protagonist, being a sun god who kills Seth to avenge his father. An interpretation of the myth relatively late Seth attributed an evil nature, which, beginning. The connection between Osiris and his son Horus was expressed by the custom "to identify the Egyptian king alive Pharaoh, Horus, while after death would become "Osiris." Interestingly, Osiris, god of the underworld and therefore in charge of death was never was considered evil.

This classic is in Shakespeare's Hamlet, where the evil brother murdered the rightful king and married his wife, traitor. Parallel to the Egyptian mythology, Hamlet has the obligation to avenge his father's betrayal and death to criminals. Unlike its Horus son of Osiris, Hamlet is unable to do so, preferring instead to take his life.

The idea of the goddess "to be free to love who she thinks she deserves - but it really depends on the change of seasons - the time has given a bad reputation as a person treacherous. This idea is presented in the Mesopotamian myth of Gilgamesh: In a culture in which a king comes to their government for a wedding ritual to the Goddess, King Erekh Gimgamesh denies this union with the Great Goddess Ishtar on earth who kills her lovers, and fears for his life with her. The angry goddess, then, the causes of breast friend Enkidu to sleep with the king and his priestess kills, as his due, according to myth. The poem expresses definitely the man to rebel against the existing system in which there is so much power given to the goddess of life. Again there is no identification of Gilgamesh and Enkidu as well and evil, the difference between them is that we are a civilized king and the other as wild as the animal - its character clearly derived from the Life at the beginning, which is much more involved with nature and the goddess of nature that is Gilgamesh.

There is a new situation where the woman the trio is considered dangerous without any consideration for the symbolism of age, and for the needs of nature and life in relationship with nature. It seems that the idea of the treacherous nature of women has progressed in mythology with the progress of male power over women, as told by the Babylonian myth the young (newcomer) Mardukh kill God The great goddess Tiamat, the Mother of all beings. This condition is expressed in a Welsh myth known in the struggle for domination of men and women is still ongoing.

The myth tells the story of life Llew Llaw Lieu, whose name is translated by Robert Graves "the lion firm hand "and by others as" Lugh (the Sun god) with the long arm. "Llew mother Arianrhod that Graves identifies with the Greek goddess of nature Ariadne, but in the changing scenario in Wales has limited power over human beings and nature, being under the reign of his uncle, the Math Magician. Arianrhod gives birth to Llew no husband in his name, which shows the independence of male dominance and increases the anger of their male relatives. It is obstacles in the way of your child a name, carry weapons or have a woman on earth, but is pushed by his uncle Gwydion and his cousin to do so. The woman is Blodeuwedd made of flowers and therefore a suitable bride for the young hero, whose name he leonina means the representative of the Sun of Spring, but it betrayed him in the summer giving his love to his guest Gronw Pebyr, which is not only after his love, but Llew after the property. Gronw kills its host, it becomes an eagle, whose flesh is eaten by a pig - another figure of the goddess in charge of Death and inspiration. Blodeuwedd, whose name means "Owl" and thus identified with the goddess of wisdom, far in the form of this bird. Eventually, Gwydion finds Llew, saves him and returns to his property, which in Gronw turn kills. This story is a mixture of old rules mythological male and female elements on them later. Here Gronw well that kills its host is nothing called "bad", it is definitely considered a traitor to her husband and society.

III

The idea to assign two representatives of the years the characters of good and evil, seems to have originated in the Zoroastrian religion of Persia. There was the old dichotomy represented by the rivalry between Ahura Mazda, the god of light and everything nice, and Ahrimon, god of darkness and all evil. The idea was taken over by early Christianity, probably in Rome, where the Persian ideas were plentiful, and deepened to become the basis of which this new religion was built. The Board of Directors in the world was divided between God and Satan in hell in heaven (or hell) with women taking the hand of treacherous, especially with evil, unless he refrains from using the power of her sex appeal.

This idea has taken root in medieval times, which appears in many fairy tales, popular literature of the time. One of their representatives is the classic book of Arabian Nights, and one of his most famous story is about Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves. In this story, as in many other stories that appear, for example, the collection of the Brothers Grimm, "rich and poor brother, the other is poor, but good (rich and poor, as was mentioned, that the character the Roman god of the underworld, Pluto). The poor brother and good, of course, the hero of the story, and the treasure thieves, making the rich, but death is always the greedy brother. An interesting character plays the role of the goddess in this story, the figure of the slave Marjanah taken (who, in translation, Morganna is called if Marianna - both names of the Great Goddess). With its beauty and wisdom that allows Ali Baba, to win his fight against the cruel thieves, in the end she gave Ali Baba's son and a woman gains an important place in society. This strong woman definitely the party of "good" in this story.

Two hundred and 19. Romance novels mentioned above have used the idea that when a woman has two potential lovers, it must be very difficult and the choice of women, including defined as innocent or as a traitor. A book is The Count of Monte Cristo where to get Mercedes, the woman he loves, his rival Fernando again, Edmond Dantes pure heart that is supposed to be his friend, the French authorities as a traitor and a supporter of the prince in exile of Napoleon Bonaparte. Dantes escapes from the grave, as the prison, and the figure of Monte Christo takes his revenge on Fernando. Mercedes, who was married to Fernando, in the absence of Dantes, is considered a traitor, until he learn that it was said he was dead. His own doubts of his actions towards the final of the neutral site of a convent of nuns. El Dantes Now rich with acts of revenge must be identified as evil. The story oscillates between good and evil and its changing forms very tortuous instead of a have a game for the love and power.

Persuasion by Jane Austen book is much simpler than that, and the parties of good and evil are clearly defined in it. The criminal is the cousin of Anne Elliot, who discovered as a dishonest man who had acquired their property through. Her other suitor is the legitimate Captain Wentworth, who won their money honestly. Anne, the heroine, in fact, holds in his hand the power of happiness for all men, and finally makes the right choice to be the best for her. In this book, the wealth of their dreams is a symbol of the underworld and evil, in fact, the power behind the scenes that really determines who is good and the bad.

So there is a development that can be clearly seen in the various steps of the ancient myths, fairy tales and medieval modern literature, especially regarding women's position between the two rivals and different ideas of good and evil, who are fighting his love and the power granted. When the Goddess of Nature decided alone, without good or bad, but the necessities of life, with the advance of the moralist monotheistic religions, and the deteriorating situation of women in society, there was also an exchange of ideas, that were well expressed in the literature of all time, and that - if I can be so bold to say - the plague today.

References

Robert Graves - The White Goddess
Robert Graves - The Greek myth
Arabian Nights
William Shakespeare - Hamlet
Emily Bronte - Les Hauts de Stormwind
Charlotte Bronte - Jane Eire
Jane Austen - Persuasion
Alejandro Dumas - The Count of Monte Cristo
http://www.themystica.org/mythical-folk/articles/Baal.html

About the Author

I live in Israel and I hold an M.Phil. degree in literature from the London University,
having studied both Hebrew and English languages and literature for B.A.. I taught these subjects before I became a full time writer. My main interest is mythology, but I write also fantasy and science fiction stories, novellas and books, and had many of them published in print and on the Net, both in Hebrew and English. Among works of mine published on the Net and in print are Minstrel in the Forest and The Myth of Tristan and Isolde. editor@thewriterseyemagazine.com

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